High altitude nuclear electromagnetic pulse waveform standards: a review

There are a number of high altitude nuclear electromagnetic pulse (HEMP) waveform standards for equipment and systems on susceptibility to the testing effects. These typical HEMP standards include IEC6100029, MILSTD461E and some other publication standards such as Bell Laboratory's etc. The time domain parameters, amplitude spectrum, and the cumulative energy fluence of these HEMP waveforms are compared in this paper. The results show that earlytime HEMP in IEC6100029(equals to MILSTD461E) is less severe than HEMP in the 'publication 1976' and Bell laboratory standard except for slots coupling as the former have slightly shorter rise time and more wide 3dB bandwidth. In the end, the influence on the HEMP simulation and effects due to the change of HEMP standard are also