Design of high power helical array antenna fed from planar waveguide
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摘要: 提出了一种工作在C波段的高功率平板波导螺旋阵列天线。以平板波导馈电，降低了馈电复杂性和馈电结构高度；对基本的电探针结构进行改进，通过控制扇形缝隙的圆心角大小来调整耦合量，并采用上下脊结构消除反射；设计了短螺旋天线结构，通过分离的参数分别优化轴比和反射，得到天线的轴比在−7°～7°的范围内小于0.5 dB；构建了一个20单元的直线馈电阵列，通过电探针结构从平板波导中耦合能量，实现了20单元的等幅馈电。最后仿真了一个工作在4.3 GHz，包含20×20个单元的螺旋阵列天线，结果表明：该天线的增益为31.6 dB，口径效率为74%，在4.11～4.43 GHz的频带范围内反射小于−16 dB，功率容量3.6 GW。Abstract: High power helical array antenna fed from planar waveguide is a new type antenna to realize the directional radiation of circularly polarized microwave, which works in C-band. The complexity and the height of the feed structure are reduced by using the planar waveguide. The structure of the basic electric probe is improved, and the coupling quantity is adjusted by controlling the central angle of the sector gap, and the reflection is eliminated by the upper and lower ridge structure. A new structure of short helical antenna is designed to optimize the axial ratio and reflection by separating the parameters, and the axial ratio of the antenna is less than 0.5 dB in the range of −7° to 7°. A 20 units linear feed array is constructed to realize equal amplitude feed by coupling energy from the planar waveguide through the electric probe structure. Finally, a helical array antenna with 20×20 units working in 4.3 GHz is simulated, and the results show that the gain of the antenna is 31.6 dB, and the aperture efficiency is 74%. The reflection is less than −16 dB within the frequency band range of 4.11−4.43 GHz and the power capacity is 3.6 GW.
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Key words:
- array antenna /
- helical antenna /
- electric probe /
- high power microwave /
- planar waveguide
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图 1 平板波导螺旋阵列天线结构示意图
Figure 1. Schematic diagram of planar waveguide helical array antenna structure
图 3 10单元等效电参数提取模型
Figure 3. Model for extracting equivalent electrical parameters of 10 units
图 4 扇形圆心角随等效电导的变化关系
Figure 4. Sector central angle along with the change of equivalent conductance g
图 5 脊参数随等效电导的变化关系
Figure 5. Ridge parameters along with the change of equivalent conductance
图 10 20单元直线阵列端口S参数曲线
Figure 10. S-parameters of defferent ports of 20 units linear array
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