紧凑型单能伽马射线源

杜应超; 陈寒; 张鸿泽; 高强; 田其立; 迟智军; 张智; 查皓; 施嘉儒; 颜立新; 邱睿; 程诚; 杜泰斌; 李任恺; 陈怀璧; 黄文会; 唐传祥

doi:10.11884/HPLPB202234.220132

紧凑型单能伽马射线源

doi: 10.11884/HPLPB202234.220132

1.
清华大学工程物理系，北京 100084
2.
北京师范大学核科学与技术学院，北京 100875

基金项目: 国家自然科学基金项目(12027902)

详细信息

作者简介:
杜应超，dych@mail.tsinghua.edu.cn

通讯作者:
唐传祥，tang.xuh@mail.tsinghua.edu.cn

中图分类号: TL929；TL53
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- 被引次数: 0
出版历程
- 收稿日期: 2022-04-29
- 修回日期: 2022-07-04
- 网络出版日期: 2022-07-09
- 刊出日期: 2022-08-22

A very compact inverse Compton scattering gamma-ray source

1.
Department of Engineering Physics, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China
2.
College of Nuclear Science and Technology, Beijing Normal University, Beijing 100875, China

摘要

摘要: 基于高亮度电子束与超短强激光相互作用的逆康普顿散射X/γ射线源具有单色性好、能量可调、偏振可控等特点，在核安全及核安保领域具有广泛的应用前景。清华大学将研制国际上首套能量达MeV的紧凑准单能伽马源装置并开展包括先进辐射成像、基于核共振荧光的物质分析检测等应用工作。给出该光源设计方案，以及针对其关键性能指标进行的优化及光源最终性能指标。目前已完成光源的设计，正在进行部件的加工采购，预计将于2023年启动装置的安装调试工作，于2025年完成项目的调试和验收。
- 逆康普顿散射 /
- 伽马射线 /
- 电子束 /
- 激光 /
- 核共振荧光
Abstract: Inverse Compton scattering X/gamma-ray source can produce quasi-monochromatic, continuously tunable, high brightness, small spot size, polarization precisely controllable, and ultrashort (ps or sub-ps) X-ray pulse in the energy regime ranging from tens keV to several MeV or even higher. Recently a 0.2−4.8 MeV quasi-monochromatic compact gamma-ray source with high peak spectral density based on the inverse Compton scattering has been proposed in the Department of Engineering Physics, Tsinghua University. This type of compact gamma-ray source will be used for advanced X/gamma-ray imaging application based on the nuclear resonance fluorescence. In this paper, we will present the optimization of the design.
- inverse Compton scattering /
- gamma-ray /
- electron beam /
- laser /
- nuclear resonance fluorescence

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图 1 紧凑型准单能伽马射线源装置构成示意图

Figure 1. Schematic diagram of the very compact inverse Compton scattering gamma-ray source (VIGAS)

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图 2 加速器组成示意图

Figure 2. Layout of the accelerator in VIGAS

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图 3 初步优化后束团长度与发射度及束团能散关系（束流能量360 MeV）

Figure 3. Relation between bunch length and emittance plus energy spread after optimization

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图 4 电荷量为200 pC和500 pC时发射度与束团长度的帕累托前沿

Figure 4. Pareto front of emittance and bunch length with 200 pC bunch charge and 500 pC bunch charge

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图 5 200 pC电荷量束流动力学模拟结果

Figure 5. Beam dynamics simulation results in the case of 200 pC bunch charge

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图 6 X波段加速管梯度调节比例与输出束流能量及发射度关系曲线（200 pC电荷量）

Figure 6. Bunch energy and emittance versus the ratio of acceleration gradient

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图 7 结合激光波长调整后光子能量随加速管梯度调节比例变化

Figure 7. Photon energy versus the ratio of acceleration gradient

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图 8 驱动激光整形设计方框图

Figure 8. Block diagram of driving laser shaping design

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图 9 散射激光设计方案图

Figure 9. Block diagram of scattering laser design

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图 10 不同能量下模拟光子产额

Figure 10. Simulated photon yield at different photon energy

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图 11 360 MeV，200 pC电子束参数与800 nm及400 nm散射激光时伽马射线收集角与光子带宽及收集角内光子比例关系曲线

Figure 11. Photon bandwidth and the proportion within the collection angle versus the collection angle

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图 12 360 MeV，200 pC，800 nm参数下不同收集角内光子能谱分布

Figure 12. Photon spectroscopy within different collection angles using 800 nm scattering laser

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图 13 360 MeV，200 pC，400 nm参数下不同收集角内光子能谱分布

Figure 13. Photon spectroscopy within different collection angles using 400 nm scattering laser

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图 14 联合参数抖动模拟中光子能谱

Figure 14. Photon spectroscopy in simulation taking jitter into consideration

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表 1 紧凑型准单能伽马源性能参数

Table 1. Performance parameters of VIGAS

parameter	value
γ ray photon energy	continuously adjustable between 0.2～4.8 MeV
relative bandwidth (RMS)/%	＜1.5 (after collimation)
photon yield/(photons·s⁻¹)	＞4.0×10⁸@0.2～2.4 MeV；＞1.0×10⁸@2.4～4.8 MeV
photon yield within 1.5% bandwidth	＞4.0×10⁶@0.2～2.4 MeV; ＞1.0×10⁶@2.4～4.8 MeV
degree of polarization	adjustable from linear to circular polarization

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表 2 电子束流工作参数

Table 2. Parameters of electron beam in VIGAS

parameter	value
bunch energy/MeV	50～350
bunch charge/pC	＞200
normalized emittance/(mm·mrad)	＜0.6
bunch length/ps	＜2
energy spread/%	＜0.3
focused spot size/µm	＜20
repetition rate/Hz	10

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表 3 激光工作参数

Table 3. Parameters of scattering laser in VIGAS

parameter	value
parameter	800 nm	400 nm
bandwidth/nm	＜15	＜8
pulse energy/J	＞1.5	＞0.8
pulse length (FWHM)/ps	＜10
focused spot size (RMS)/μm	＜10

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表 4 多目标优化参数（第一列）、参数范围（第二列）及优化结果（第三、四列）

Table 4. Variable parameters in the optimization

parameters	range	optimization result
parameters	range	200 pC	500 pC
laser duration/ps	[4, 20]	7.27	7.09
laser beam size (RMS)/mm	[0.2, 2]	0.2	0.33
launch phase/(°)	[−20, 20]	5.4	3.0
gun solenoid strength/T	[0.15, 0.35]	0.2024	0.2018
gun solenoid center/m	[0.213 7, 0.213 7]	0.2137	0.2137
buncher field strength/(MV·m⁻¹)	[20, 50]	36.1	43.4
buncher center/m	[0.73, 0.9]	0.9665	0.9665
buncher phase/(°)	[−110, −80]	−100	−98.5
linac center/m	[1.5, 2]	2.402	2.402
linac solenoid center/m	[1.5, 2]	1.6	1.6
linac solenoid strength/T	[0, 0.2]	0.0804	0.109

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表 5 200 pC标准模式和500 pC高电荷量模式下电子束参数

Table 5. Optimized beam parameters with 200 pC bunch charge and 500 pC bunch charge

normalized emittance/(μm·rad)	bunch length (RMS)/mm	bunch energy/MeV	energy spread (RMS)/MeV	bunch charge/pC
0.294	0.208	361.3	0.45	200
0.623	0.202	361.5	0.40	500

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表 6 光阴极紫外驱动激光参数

Table 6. Parameters of the driving laser system

parameters	value
central wavelength/nm	267
repetition rate/Hz	10
pulse energy/μJ	2～500
pulse width (FWHM)/ps	5-10
rising and falling edge (10%～90%)/ps	1.0
beam size (RMS)/mm	0.2～2
energy jitter (RMS)/%	＜2.0
time jitter between RF and laser (RMS)/ps	＜0.1

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表 7 联合参数扫描各参数抖动范围

Table 7. Parameter jitter range in the joint parameter sweep

parameters	jitter range
bunch charge/%	$ \pm 2 $
laser duration/%	$ \pm 2 $
laser beam size/%	$ \pm 2 $
gun field strength/%	$ \pm 0.1 $
gun phase	$ \pm 0.5 $
buncher field strength/%	$ \pm 0.1 $
buncher phase	$ \pm 0.5 $
S band linac field strength/%	$ \pm 0.1$
S band linac phase	$ \pm 0.5 $
X band linac field strength/%	$ \pm 0.1 $
X band linac phase	$ \pm 1 $
scattering laser pulse energy/%	$ \pm 2$
relative position between electron and laser beam/μm	$ \pm 3 $
arrival time/ps	$ \pm 0.25 $

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