Effect of target position on phase matching in high-order harmonic generation
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摘要: 为提高强激光场与惰性气体靶作用产生的孤立阿秒激光脉冲的能量，给出了一种实现高次谐波过程中最佳谐波相位匹配的定量实验方法。研究了气体靶源与高斯型驱动激光场聚焦点相对空间位置对谐波相位匹配及谐波产率的影响，得出了其最佳相位匹配位置始终位于驱动激光场聚焦点后3~5 mm，而在聚焦点之前的位置区域，严重的高次谐波相位失配导致谐波产率非常低。同时，在最佳相位匹配条件下，高次谐波场与驱动场具有相类似的空间强度分布特性，该结果印证了目前通常采用的高次谐波场为高斯光束的假设。Abstract: This paper presents an experimental method to realize the best high-order harmonic generation(HHG) phase matching in the interaction of strong optical field and gas target. By studying the effects of the relative location between gas target source and Gaussian-type driving field focus on the harmonic phase matching, conclusions are obtained that the optimum position of gas target for phase matching is always 3-5 mm behind the focal point of the driving field, with much lower HHG yield before the focus caused by serious harmonic phase mismatch. At the same time, in the optimum relative position, the driving field and the high-order harmonic field have similar spatial distribution characteristics, providing the experimental basis for the commonly used assumptions of Gaussian beam for high-order harmonic field.
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图 1 高次谐波实验真空腔示意图
Figure 1. Schematic diagram of the HHG chamber
1-CEP stabilized few-cycle femtosecond laser centered at around 780 nm, 2-antireflective type quartz window, 3-focus of femtosecond laser pulse, 4- drilled hollow-core nickel tube, 5- inert gas pipeline, 6- 3D high precision stage, 7- filter holder, 8- metal film filter, 9- X-ray CCD detector, 10- turbo pump, 11-vacuum chamber, 12- acrylic chamber cover
图 4 镍管激光钻孔后的远场图样
Figure 4. Pinhole diffraction image from the laser drilled nickel tube
图 5 高次谐波产率与气体靶位置的关系
Figure 5. Dependence of high-order harmonics yield on gas target position
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