基于VMD-OptShrink的增强型电磁轨道炮炮口电压噪声压制及应用

闫杰; 李菊香; 陈毅; 王毅; 叶蔚生

doi:10.11884/HPLPB202335.220377

基于VMD-OptShrink的增强型电磁轨道炮炮口电压噪声压制及应用

doi: 10.11884/HPLPB202335.220377

西北机电工程研究所，陕西咸阳 712099

详细信息

作者简介:
闫　杰，jieyan17@mails.jlu.edu.cn

李菊香，lijielijuxiang@163.com

中图分类号: TM89
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出版历程
- 收稿日期: 2022-12-30
- 修回日期: 2023-04-16
- 录用日期: 2023-04-01
- 网络出版日期: 2023-04-26
- 刊出日期: 2023-06-15

Muzzle voltage noise suppression and application for augmented electromagnetic railgun based on VMD-OptShrink

Northwest Institute of Mechanical and Electrical Engineering, Xianyang 712099, China

摘要

摘要: 利用电磁轨道炮炮口电压测量信号可以计算出发射过程中滑动电枢与铜轨道表面的接触电阻以分析接触特性。由于发射器增强轨道的特殊结构会产生幅值很大的反向感应电动势，且存在脉冲形成网络的放电时序问题，导致检测到的炮口电压波形会受到系统噪声的干扰，难以准确计算出接触电阻。针对此问题，提出一种基于VMD-OptShrink的炮口电压系统噪声压制方法去除炮口电压中的锯齿状噪声，该方法首先利用变分模态分解（Variational Mode Decomposition，VMD）可实现依据频率特性进行信号时域分解的特点，对炮口电压信号进行时频域的模态分解，然后在时频分解域内利用OptShrink对分解信号进行低秩成分提取，得到去噪后的炮口电压，最终解算出接触电阻用于分析轨道炮枢轨接触特性。试验结果表明，该方法可以很好地压制炮口电压系统噪声，计算出的枢轨接触电阻波形光滑，有利于分析枢轨接触特性；枢轨接触电阻在发射初期变化剧烈，迅速降低，之后呈现缓慢波动上升的特点，直至电枢滑动出炮口接触电阻骤增。该分析方法对工程中电磁轨道炮发射状态监测提供了一种新的可靠参考。
- 增强型电磁轨道炮 /
- 炮口电压 /
- 枢轨接触电阻 /
- 变分模态分解
Abstract: Utilizing the muzzle voltage of the electromagnetic railgun, the contact resistance between the sliding armature and the copper rail surface during the launch process can be calculated to analyze the contact characteristics. However, the muzzle voltage signal contains a large amplitude of reverse induced electromotive force due to the complex augmented rails structure of the launcher. Meanwhile, the firing sequence of the pulse forming network disturb the detected muzzle voltage signal as system noise interference. Therefore, it is difficult to accurately calculate the contact resistance. To solve this problem, a noise suppression method of muzzle voltage system based on VMD-OptShrink is creatively utilized to suppress jagged noise. In this method, variational mode decomposition (VMD) can decompose the muzzle voltage signal in time-frequency domain according to the frequency characteristics. Then OptShrink is used to extract the low-rank components of the decomposed signal to obtain the denoised muzzle voltage. Finally, the contact resistance is calculated to analyze the armature-rail contact characteristics. The test results show that this method can suppress the muzzle voltage system noise well. The calculated armature-rail contact resistance waveform is smooth, which is conducive to the analysis of the armature-rail contact characteristics. The armature-rail contact resistance decreases rapidly at the initial stage of launching, then it fluctuates slowly until the armature slides out of the muzzle and the contact resistance increases sharply. The method proposed in this paper provides a new and reliable reference for the launching performance monitoring of electromagnetic railgun.
- augmented electromagnetic railgun /
- muzzle voltage /
- armature-rail contact resistance /
- variational mode decomposition

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图 1 增强型电磁轨道炮结构示意图

Figure 1. Structure diagram of augmented electromagnetic railgun

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图 2 增强型电磁轨道炮发射测试结果

Figure 2. Launch test results of augmented electromagnetic railgun

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图 3 位移-时间曲线及速度-时间曲线

Figure 3. Displacement-time curve and velocity-time curve

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图 4 炮口电压噪声压制结果

Figure 4. Muzzle voltage noise suppression result

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图 5 炮口电压系统噪声

Figure 5. System noise in the muzzle voltage

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图 6 枢轨接触电阻计算结果

Figure 6. Calculation results of armature-rail contact resistance

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图 7 VMD分解模态数的选取

Figure 7. Selection of VMD decomposition mode number

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图 8 OptShrink秩值的选取

Figure 8. Selection of OptShrink rank value

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表 1 发射器参数

Table 1. Parameters of launcher

armature displacement length/mm	inductance gradient/(μH·m⁻¹)	caliber of launcher/mm	charging voltage of PFN/kV	current peak value/kA	armature muzzle velocity/(m·s⁻¹)
1600	0.7	10	3.3	246.4	1672.3

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